Ibn Al-Sarraj's Views on: (Ibn Aqil's Explanation on Ibn Malik's Alfiyya)

Abstract

Ibn Al-Sarraj is a scholar of grammar, an imam of culture, and a sheikh of language. He is a study worthy scholar of evaluation, one of the famous imams of grammar in literature, and the science of Arabic. He was a man of broad culture and many aspects, so he combined pure Arab culture with the cultures imported into Arab thought at that time. He looked into the details of Sibawayh's book, and relied on the issues of Al-Akhfash and the Kufians, and he differed from the principles of the Basrans in many issues. Ibn Al-Sarrah grew up after the completion and end of the classes of Basra grammarians, he grew up in Baghdad and died there, but his approach was Basari, and he said that he was Basari, and he relied on the Basrans foundations and used their terminology. Among the most important results that I reached in studying the opinions of Ibn Al-Sarraj in the book: Ibn Aqil's Commentary on Ibn Malik's Alfiyyah are the following: 1. It is required in the predicate of the subject, if a performative sentence occurs, we should estimate its statement, and Ibn Malik and the majority of grammarians did not stipulate that. 2. Ibn Al-Sarraj viewed that (habbatha )حبذاis a noun and it is a subject and the specific is its predicate or an advanced predicate and the specific is a delayed subject so we combined (habba ) حبwith (tha) ذا and made it one noun. 3. Ibn Al-Sarraj viewed that the negative (inna )انworks like (laysa ) ليس in that, he followed Sheikh Al-Mubarrad and the Kufians, and he disagreed with the doctrine of most the Basrans. Ibn Al-Sarraj saw that (laysa )ليسand (asa )عسىare letters not verbs, and in that, he followed the doctrine of the Kufians and disagreed with the doctrine of the Basrans. 5. Ibn Al-Sarraj viewed that if (ma )ماis not connected to (inna )انand its sisters, it prevents it from working except for (layta ),ليتthen it is permissible to work and neglect it, so you say: (innama Zaid is standing )انما زيد قائمand it is not permissible to put Zaid in the accusative case, and likewise (Inna, Kaana, Lakina and Lalla ،ان، وكأن ).ولكن، ولعلIf (ma )ماis connected to these letters, it prevents them from working and it may work a little, but the majority of grammarians disagreed with that.