الأسباب السياسية والأمنية للحرب الروسية الأوكرانية

Abstract

This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the Russo-Ukrainian conflict, examining the political, security, and strategic factors that have fueled its escalation and assessing its broader regional and international ramifications. The research highlights Russia's geopolitical ambitions and its efforts to preserve its sphere of influence in Eastern Europe, juxtaposed with Moscow’s security apprehensions regarding NATO and EU expansion eastward, which it perceives as a direct challenge to its national security architecture. The study also explores the domestic political landscape in Russia, emphasizing the instrumentalization of nationalism and the state- controlled media apparatus as mechanisms for legitimizing military interventions and consolidating domestic support .Furthermore, the research assesses the impact of Western military and economic support for Ukraine, which has contributed to the protraction and intensification of the conflict, as well as the imposition of economic sanctions on Russia. While these sanctions have exerted pressure on the Russian economy, their effectiveness in altering Moscow’s strategic calculus remains limited. The study also examines the security and economic repercussions of the war, including its role in reshaping the European security order and accelerating the transition of the international system toward multipolarity, with China and India emerging as influential geopolitical actors. The study concludes with policy recommendations emphasizing the need for enhanced multilateral diplomacy, a reassessment of NATO’s expansion strategy, and the formulation of balanced deterrence mechanisms to de-escalate tensions and uphold the stability of the global order.