Global Power Shifts: The Rise of China and Hybrid Wars in the 21st Century

Abstract

The international system is witnessing radical shifts in the balance of power with the decline of the United States' unilateral hegemony and the rise of emerging powers, most notably China. This shift coincides with the evolution of warfare patterns and the emergence of new concepts such as hybrid warfare, which combines conventional warfare, cyber operations, and media disinformation. This study aims to analyze the dimensions of the shift in global power, China's role in it, and the impact of modern warfare on the balance of power. The study adopts an analytical, descriptive, and prospective approach. The most important findings: The international system is witnessing a shift from unipolarity to multipolarity, with a relative decline in American hegemony and the rise of new powers, most notably China. The United States remains a major power with significant influence, but a more pluralistic global system is emerging, with the participation of Chinese, Russian, and other decision-makers, diminishing Washington's monopoly on hegemony. Key recommendations: The need to build a deep understanding of the nature of hybrid warfare and develop integrated defense strategies that encompass cyber, media, and economic security, as well as investing in scientific research, technology, and artificial intelligence to balance China's technological leadership.