Accountability and its regulatory and ethical dimensions in our reality Al-Farooq Omar ibn Al-Khattab may Allah be pleased with him as a model

Abstract

The research starts from the premise that Hisbah is not a newly invented administrative system; rather, it is a practical application of the principle of enjoining good and forbidding evil¨†based on the texts of the Qur'an, Sunnah, and Prophetic biography, as practiced by the Prophet, peace be upon him and peace be upon him, and the Rightly Guided Caliphs after him followed this approach, especially Caliph Umar Ibn Al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, who was known for his keen concern with establishing justice, monitoring markets, correcting public behavior, and holding both governors and subjects accountable.

The research addresses a key issue:

-How did Al-Farooq Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, apply the Hisbah system?

-What are its most prominent regulatory and ethical dimensions?

It also seeks to answer subsidiary questions related to the concept of Hisbah in Islam and its legal basis, the characteristics of the Umari model in its application, and the extent of agreement and disagreement between it and contemporary modern control systems. This research adopts a descriptive and analytical approach, through tracing the legal texts and statements of jurists, and analysing historical facts related to the biography of Al-Farooq, may Allah be pleased with him, with reference to books on hisbah and Sharia policy.

Hisbah represents an integrated moral control system that combines administrative control and behavioural correction and is based on a solid Sharia foundation derived from the texts of the Qur'an and Sunnah and the objectives of Islamic law

The research also highlighted the importance of combining the legal and value dimensions in supervisory work¨†given its profound impact on achieving general discipline and establishing proper behaviour within society.

Among the most important recommendations that emerged from the research are :

1.Emphasising the need to integrate the ethical dimension into the work of modern supervisory institutions.

2.Encouraging comparative studies between the Islamic regulatory system and the contemporary administrative system.