Social Support and Its Relationship to the Independent Behaviour of Orphans of Unknown Parentage in the Light of Individual Cognitive Behavioural Therapy.

Abstract

This review paper aims to examine recent literature on social support and independent behavior among orphaned children of unknown parentage, while highlighting the role of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) as an effective social work intervention for enhancing their psychological and social adjustment. The paper adopts a descriptive-analytical approach based on a critical review of recent Arabic and international studies to identify key theoretical concepts, research trends, and professional applications. The review addresses major themes including the concept and dimensions of social support, the roles of social institutions, foster families, and local communities in caring for these children, as well as the concept, development, and significance of independent behavior. It also discusses the theoretical foundations, objectives, and therapeutic mechanisms of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in modifying maladaptive thoughts, improving social skills, and promoting psychological adjustment. The findings indicate that comprehensive social support systems contribute significantly to improving psychological well-being, fostering independence, and enhancing quality of life among orphaned children of unknown parentage. Furthermore, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy has proven to be an effective intervention for restructuring negative cognitions, strengthening adaptive behaviors, and reducing the adverse psychological effects associated with deprivation and social stigma. The paper concludes by emphasizing the importance of integrated intervention programs that combine social support with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy while reinforcing the roles of social institutions, foster families, and local communities to facilitate successful social integration and independent living.