تطور علم الفلك عند الفلاسفة المسلمين

Abstract

Muslim scholars had a great advantage in the advancement of astronomy, and their research and writings had a great impact on its prosperity and progress. In discovery, creativity and innovation, the interest of the Arabs in astronomy was not a luxury or a passion, but rather was a response to practical motives, belief, religious and civilization practical motives - the Arabs, especially the Bedouins among them, used the stars as evidence, so they were their guides in the desert and their faithful companion in their travels, their solutions and their travels, from here was their need to know the sky and the stars to be guided. them in deserts and wasteland. Belief motives - where it was common to believe in the influence of the stars in our earthly world on the fate of man and the conditions of the world in the future in the phenomena of nature such as rain and its precipitation and in social situations such as war and peace. Religious motives - Astronomy is the way to determine prayer times and prove fasting and the two Eids, in addition to the eclipse and eclipse prayers, in addition to the deep religious meaning, as creativity in the astronomical system and the regularity in the movement of stars and planets is evidence of sincerity and a true witness to the existence and ability of the Creator. Civilizational motives - The Arabs learned about the civilization of the neighboring peoples, especially India and Greece. He translated the Book of Sinhand and the Book of Almagest as part of their translation of the Greek heritage in all knowledge and sciences.