Irregular Migration and the Challenges of Achieving Political Stability in Libya after 2011

Abstract

This study examines the phenomenon of irregular migration in Libya during the post-2011 period, by analyzing the political and security factors that have contributed to its growth, alongside the challenges it poses to achieving political stability in the country. The study reveals that the collapse of state institutions, political fragmentation, weak border control, and ongoing armed conflict have created an environment conducive to the spread of irregular migration, which has negatively impacted internal security, state legitimacy, and the efficiency of official institutions in enforcing the law. The findings also indicate that patterns of irregular migration vary, including temporary transit, semi-permanent residence, and informal employment, in addition to human trafficking and smuggling. In light of these findings, the study recommends the development of integrated policies for managing migration, including rebuilding state institutions, consolidating principles of good governance, strengthening border control, enhancing security cooperation, and addressing the economic and social drivers of irregular migration, thereby contributing to the establishment of sustainable political stability in Libya.